Human Umbilical Cord Wharton's Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells May Attenuate Sarcopenia in Aged Mice Induced by Hindlimb Suspension.

BACKGROUND Since the use of human umbilical cord Wharton's Jelly derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hWJ-MSCs) to treat sarcopenia has not been explored, we studied the effects of hWJ-MSCs in aged male C57BL/6J mice with sarcopenia induced by hindlimb suspension, and explored the potential mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS Hindlimb suspension was used to induce sarcopenia in 24-month-old C57BL/6J mice and green fluorescent protein-tagged hWJ-MSCs and controls were transplanted into mice via tail vein or local intramuscular injection. After hWJ-MSC transplantation, changes in whole body muscle strength and endurance, gastrocnemius muscle weight and myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) were studied. Proliferation of skeletal muscle stem cell, apoptosis, and chronic inflammation were also investigated. RESULTS We demonstrated that whole body muscle strength and endurance, gastrocnemius muscle mass, and CSA were significantly increased in hWJ-MSC-transplanted mice than in controls (P<0.05). In hWJ-MSC-transplanted mice, apoptotic myonuclei was reduced, and BrdU and Pax-7 expression indices of gastrocnemius muscles were increased (P<0.05). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were downregulated, and IL-4 and IL-10 were upregulated (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS hWJ-MSCs may ameliorate sarcopenia in aged male C57BL/6J mice induced by hindlimb suspension, and this may be via activation of resident skeletal muscle satellite cells, reduction of apoptosis, and less chronic inflammation.

Research on morphological characteristics change of quercetin and polyphenols of accumulation dynamic of spines of Gleditsia sinensis / 中国中药杂志

To study morphological characteristics change of the development process and quercetin and polyphenols of accumulation dynamic of the spines of Gleditsia sinensis, measure and compare morphological indexes using Vernier caliper, ruler and balance, calibrate and analysis quercetin and polyphenols content using HPLC and colorimetric method. The spines of G. sinensis development process is divided into formation period (the beginning of August to the beginning of November), dormant period (the beginning of November to the end of March in the following year), germination period (the end of March to the middle of April), fast growth period (the middle of April to the middle of August), browning period (the middle of August to the end of August) and mature period (the beginning of September to the end of December). Formation period the spines primordium divides and forms the scale bubs; dormant period the scale bubs are in a dormant state; germination period the bubs scales fall off, spines primordium began to development; fast growth period rapid growth to maximum; browning period browning from the tip and browns until the whole becomes brown; mature period The early stage of maturity is full of luster, gradually the color deepened and the luster faded. The accumulation of quercetin was gradually decreasing after increasing. The total polyphenol accumulation was significantly decreased and then gradually increased, decreased finally. The content of quercetin was increased from 0.000 4%-0.002 6%, and the polyphenol content decreased from 0.761 9%-0.049 1% and then slowly increased to 0.286 9% in the fast growth period.The quercetin continuous increase to 0.004 3% and total polyphenol increased to 0.421 6% in the browning period. In the mature period, the quercetin content significantly decreased after reaching 0.009 6% in September, and the polyphenols content decreased after reaching 0.723 5% in October. Using principal component analysis results: September first, October 2nd, November 3rd. The morphological characteristics change of the development process and quercetin and polyphenols accumulation were determined. The development process is divided into six periods, the best harvest time is the early stage of mature period. Provide theoretical support for the utilization of the spines of G. sinensis and cultivation techniques of high yield.

Recent progress in metabolomics with regard to diabetic complications and glucose fluctuation / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease and poses serious threat to human health. Diabetic complications are the major causes of both morality and disability. In recent years, studies show that the glucose fluctuation plays an important role in the development of chronic diabetic complications. As a new discipline to identify the overall metabolic changes of living organisms, metabolomics provides new insights into the study of diabetes and diabetic complications. In this paper, the recent studies on the development of chronic diabetic complications and blood glucose fluctuation in the field of metabolomics were reviewed.